Dual wheel mounting



April 8, 1953 B. H. cANADY ET AL 2,636,783

DUAL WHEEL MOUNTING fined Aug. 15. 1950. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 INVENTOR Buzz! H. Ear-lady L'Iiffurd J.

* BY QWMW ATTORNEY B. H. CANADY ETAL DUAL WHEEL MOUNTING April 28, 1953 2 SHEETS-Sl-IEE'I 2 Filed Aug. 15, 1950 //I IIIIIIIIIIIIIl/J I INVENTOR Bus! H.' ll'anady I w M Y w m J a r rm ,44 1 W Patented Apr, 28, 1953 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,636,783 DUAL WHEEL MOUNTING Bu'ei HL; Canady',.Huntington tar, Galiii, and

Clifford J. Wiley, Winslow, Ari'z. Application August 15, 195iL-Serial-No. 17932 (oi. stir-s)" 1 Our invention relates to dual wheel mountings. A primary object of the invention is to provide a dual wheel assembly which will maintain the disc wheels in tight engagement with the wheel hub at all times, andwithout liability of either disc wheel becoming loose during operation.

A further object of the invention is to provide novel and simplified disc wheel holding and looking means which enables the disc wheels of a dual wheel assembly to be readily mounted'upon the wheel studs and tightly secured in place in a minimum time and with: little efiort.

A further object is to provide a dual wheel mounting which facilitates reworking andsalvaging old disc wheels which have oversize or deformed studopenings, thereby affording a great saving of valuable material;

A further object is to provide a dual wheel mounting for aluminum disc wheels", and embodying novel means" to' support and lock the'aluminum disc wheels in place in assembly, without cutting or otherwise mutilating thein.

Afurther object is to provide a dual wheel mounting which is extremely strong and durable, andconstructed so that the disc wheels will not freeze or bind upon the hub or wheel studs.

A further object is to provide a dual wheel assembly for heavy trucks, bus'ses and the like, wherein both disc wheels and the brake drum are secured to'the wheel hub by studs which carry the full load of the vehicle and which coast with novel wheel positioning and locking means to maintain the assembly tight during use.

ir still-further'object of the invention is to provide a dual wheel assembly which is cheaper to'malce and easier to assemble, disassemble and inspect th'anconventional dualwheel assemblies;

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent duringth'e course of the following description.

This application shows aconstruction which is specifically different from the dual wheel mounting shown in our co pending application S. N. 176;?78, filed July 27, 1950; and the claims inthe instant application 179,624 are all specific to the construction shown in said application 1793624.

In the accom'pa'nying" drawings, forming a part of: this application, and in which like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout the same;

Figure 1- is a radial cross section through a dual-wheel mountingembodying our invention;-

Figure 2 1s an enlarged fragmentary radial section through: one wheeL-attaching stud and associated elements,

Figure a fragmentary side elevation-a1 view of the wheel mounting drawn on a reduced scale, H :lig'u re 4-is a perspective View of a tapered look nu I liig'iire 4d is' a-n' end elevation of the same,

Figure 5 is' a perspective view of a tapered adaptor or washer,

Figure'fili is as end elevation of the same,

Figure 6 is a radial cross section througha dual wheel assemblyembody'ing a modified form of our invention,

Figure 7 is an enlarged fragmentary radial section through one wheel attaching stud inthe form of the invention shown by Figure 6, and,

Figure 8 is a similar section through a dual wheel assembly embodying a further modification of the invention.

In the drawings, Where for the purpose of illustration are shown preferred embodiments of our invention, attention is directedfirst to Figures 1- to 5d inclusive, wherein the numeral ll designates a wheel hub which is mounted upon the vehicle axle, not shown, in a conventional manner. The hub 10 includes an annular radial spoke flange or plate I I, integral therewith; and having inner and outer flatfaces or ends [0 and H"; The spoke flange His provided near an d inwardly of its periphery with a plurality of circumferentially equidistantly spaced axial cylindrical openings l2; arranged radially outwardly ofthe body portion of the hub II], as shown.

The numerals I3 and I4 designate inner and outer disc wheels; comprising annular flatinner disc portions t3 and M, which extend radially, and outer generally radial diverging portions I 5, upon the circumferences of which are mounted rims l6,- rigidly secured thereto by welding or the like: The rims Iii are of conventionalconstruotion; and adapted to carry pneumatic tires ll, Figure 3; The fiat disc portions l3 and I4 have largecentral axial openings It which register in assembly andpermit the disc wheels to pass over the outer end of the hub N]. The disc portions I3 and M are furtherprovided radially outwardly of the openings It! with inner and outer conical openings l fl anclifl. The inner and outer conical openings I9 and 20 are arranged in ciroumferentially equidistantly spaced groups which are adapted-to register with each other and with the group of openings l irl of the hub flange H. The inner conical openings 59 taper axially outwardly, and the outer conical openings!!! taper axiall'y'inwardly. The openings I9 and 20 extend entirely through the respective disc portions i3" and I l"; The inner and outer conical openings l9 and 2'0p'refrably have 'the same degree of taper,

and also preferably have equal diameters so that the small ends of the conical openings at the meeting faces of the discs l3 and I4 register. We prefer that the conical openings l9 and 29 have included angles of approximately 60 degrees, but we do not wish to restrict our invention to this precise degree of taper, and the degree of taper of the conical openings may of course be varied. It is also preferred that the diameters of the conical openings l9 and 20 at their opposed small ends be substantially equal to the diameters of the openings I2.

Axial bolts or studs 2| are provided, and screwthreaded at their opposite ends, as shown at 22 and 23. The inner screw-threaded ends 23 of the studs project through openings 24 in the outer fiat radial web or disc 25 of a wheel brake drum 26. The radial web 24 engages the inner face In of the spoke flange H, and is provided witha central axial opening 21, receiving the inner end of the hub H). The inner screwthreaded ends 23 proiect axially inwardly of the web 25 and are provided with nuts 28 which are tightened against the inner face of the'web 25. The openings 24 register with the openings |2 of the hub, and the studs 2| extend through the openings |2, l9 and 20. The outer screwthreaded. ends.22 project a substantial distance outwardly of the disc portion M, as shown.

Split conical adaptors or washers 29 are provided, and these adaptors have cylindrical bores 30 which receive the studs 2|. The peripheries of the adaptors 29 are tapered axially and have the same degree of taper as the conical openings 9 in which they engage. The adaptors 29 are split radially, as shown at 3|, and the splits extend from the bores 30 through the conical peripheries of the adaptors. In assembly, the adaptors 29 are arranged near the longitudinal centers of the studs 2| and have their smaller ends arranged outermost. The inner ends of the conical adaptors 29 engage the outer face II, and the inner ends of the tapered adaptors extend axially inwardly beyond the inner face of the disc l3. The outer or smaller ends of the adaptors 29 terminate axially inwardly of the meeting faces of the discs l3 and I4. With this arrangement, the inner disc I3 is maintained spaced axially outwardly a slight distance from the outer face II. This prevents any possible freezing or binding between the inner disc wheel l3 and spoke flange When the wheel assembly is tightened, in a manner to be fully described, the split adaptors 29 are drawn into the tapered openings l9 and contracted. The cylindrical bores 30 then tightly engage the studs 2 l, and the adaptors become securely locked in place upon the studs, and at the same time are wedged tightly into the tapered openings l9. When the adaptors 29 are first applied to the studs 2|, and before they are forced into the tapered openings I9, their bores 30 have a sliding fit over the studs 2|.

The outer screw-threaded ends 22 extend outwardly of the disc I4, as previously stated, and split locking nuts 32 are mounted upon the screw-threaded ends 22 in opposition to the nuts 28. The locking nuts 32 are split radially from their screw-threaded bores entirely through their side walls, as shown at 33, and the inner ends of the locking nuts 32 are conically tapered as at 34 for engagement within the tapered openings 29. The degree of taper of the nuts 32 is preferably the same as that of the openings 29.

The inner ends of the locking nuts 32 terminate axially outwardly of the meeting faces of the discs l3 and I4, so that inner ends of the nuts are spaced from the outer opposed ends of the split washers 29, even when the locking nuts 32 are tightened to the fullest possible extent. When the locking nuts 32 are tightened, their conically tapered extensions 34 are wedged into the tapered openings 29, and the split nuts are contracted so that their screw-threaded bores clamp tightly about the studs 2|. Before the locking nuts 32 are tightened, they have normal screw-threaded engagement with the studs 2|, like conventional nuts which are not split. It is only after the nuts 32 contract due to the wedging of their tapered portions 34 in the openings 20 that the nuts have looking or clamping engagement with the studs. When the nuts are tightened, the fiat discs |3 and M are drawn into tight contact, and are in engagement over their entire areas. Since the discs I3 and M are fiat, and since there is always a space between the opposed ends of the nuts 32 and adaptors 29, there is no liability of the disc wheels l3 and I4 freezing or binding together in assembly. There is likewise no liability of the disc wheels binding or freezing upon the studs 2|, since the disc wheels do not engage the studs directly, but are connected therewith through the medium of the tapered adaptors 29 and tapered locking nuts 32. When the locking nuts 32 are tightened, they wedge tightly into the openings 20 as previously stated, and cause the adaptors 29 to wedge tightly into the tapered openings l9. There is now no liability of the dual wheel assembly loosening during use, since both the tapered adaptors 29 and locking nuts 32 have contracted circumferentially, and have a substantial binding or locking engagement with the studs 2|, due to their split constructions.

With our arrangement described above, the disc wheels I3 and I4 may be applied and removed from the outer side of the wheel, it being unnecessary to work from the inner or brake drum side. Since the openings l9 and 2|] taper in opposite directions, once the locking nuts 32 have been removed, both disc wheels are removable from the outer side of the vehicle wheel. Also, our dual wheel assembly may be readily inspected, and tightened from the outer side of the wheel. The entire load of the vehicle is transmitted to the studs 2|, and the brake drum 26 carries no part of the load. The conical openings l9 and 2|! afford generous bearing areas to absorb the load transmitted through the studs to the discs l3 and I4. The entire construction is extremely sturdy and durable and all parts are easy to machine so that the wheel assembly is relatively inexpensive to make.

Attention is directed next to Figures 6 and 7, wherein a modification of the invention is illustrated. In this form of the invention, the connecting means between the disc wheels 3 and I4 and the hub H] are particularly adapted for use with aluminum disc wheels, where it is highly desirable not to cut or otherwise deface the flat radial webs |3' and M or the conically tapered openings I9 and 29. In Figures 6 and 7, we do not employ the split and tapered locking nuts 32, described in the first form of the invention. Instead, an additional split tapered adaptor 29 is applied to the outer end of each stud 2| and engages within the outer tapered opening 20. A plain locking nut 35 is then applied to the outer end of each stud 2|, and this nut engagesthe outer fiat face of the outermost ecades adaptor 29 amt forces" theadaptorinto the tapered opening 20. The"- two adaptors it will contract: and clamp tightly upon the stud; 2! when thelocking' nut 35- is tightened; The advantage of this arrangement with aluminum disc wheels I3 and I lv resides in the fact that neither of the tapered adaptors 29 will rotate to any appreciable extent when the plain loclring nuttdi'sdrawnup tightly.- If the split loching nuts 32iwere. used'ithe tapered; portion it would rotate within the opening it and tend to out and? deform the same when the discs I35 and M1" areformed'of' aluminum. The. inner, opposed ends of the. two tapered adaptors as, Figure 7, are always. spaced apart axially, and there is. no liability of the parts binding together in. assembly. All other parts illustrated in. Figures 6" and '7 are identical with those corresponding parts shown and described i'n connection with the first form of the invention.

In Figure 8, we haveshown a further slight modification of the invention, wherein locking nuts 36 having conioally tapered inner ends 3? are applied to the outer screw-threaded ends ill of the studs 2 I. Those looking nuts 36 are identical with the locking nuts 32, except that they are not split. In order to obtain a locking effect similar to that obtained by the use of the split locking nuts 32, we employ conventional split type spring lock washers 38 which are mounted upon the studs 2!, between the wheel discs It and it. These look washers 38 are compressed between the discs l3 and Hi when the solid locking nuts 36 are tightened, and the discs !3 and It are spaced apart slightly in assembly, as shown. The tapered adaptor 29 clamps tightly about the stud 2 I, as previously described, and the spring action of the lock Washer 38 tends to separate or push apart the discs l3 and it. This spreading action of the lock washers 38 tends to lock or bind the nuts 3c in their tightened positions. All other parts of the invention illustratedby Figure 8 are identical with corresponding parts shown and described in the prior forms of the invention.

An important advantage common to all forms of the invention resides in the fact that our arrangement permits the use of standard wheel studs now in use. Also, we may successfully employ used disc wheels having worn or oversized stud receiving holes. It is merely necessary to ream out or re-coin the oversized openings, and to provide the tapered adaptors 29 having the proper outside diameters to fit into the newly formed openings. This facilitates a great saving of material which would be lost if the worn disc wheels were discarded.

It is to be understood that the forms of our invention herewith shown and described are to be taken as preferred examples of the same, and that various changes in shape, size and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of our invention or the scope of the subjoined claims.

Having thus described our invention, we claim:

1. A dual wheel assembly comprising a hub having a spoke flange provided with a radial fiat outer face and having circurnferentially spaced openings extending axially of the whee brake drum having a web arranged upon the inner side of the flange and provided with circumferentially spaced openings extending axially oi the hub, bolts extending through the openings in the flange and web and corresponding in number to the openings for securing the Web to the flange, said bolts extending outwardly beyond the flange,

inner and outer sdisc= wheels to be secured to. the hub and including discportions having main openings for receiving a' portionof thehub and larger than such. hub portion so: that the disc portions are free from thermal.contact with the hub at the main openings; the inner discportion having circumterentially spaced openings tapered outwardly throughout their: entire lengths and extending through the: opposite. faces: or; such inner disc portion. and: thenuterdisc portion having circumferentially spaced. openingsv tapered outwardly throughout their: entire" lengths. and extending throughthe .oppositefacesof the outer disc portion, the tapered; openings. extending axially of, the hub andbeing in. alignment, with each other and theopeningsin the flange. and corresponding in number'to the flange. openings and receiving thebolts which. extend outwardly beyond, the outer disc portion,. an. annular split adapter mounted upon eachbolt, said adapter being tapered. outwardly throughout. itsentire length to fit Within each tapered opening of the inner disc portion for clamping engagement with the bolt and rigidly mounting the inner disc portion upon the bolt and being of a length to engage the major portion of the wall of the tapered opening of the inner disc portion and to extend inwardly beyond the inner disc portion for a substantial distance and having a radial fiat inner end face to contact with the outer fiat face of the flange and retain the inner disc portion spaced from and out of thermal contact with the flange, a second annular split adapter mounted upon the outer end of each bolt and tapered inwardly throughout its entire length to fit within each tapered opening of the outer disc portion, the last-named adapter being of a length to engage the major portion of the wall of the tapered opening of the outer disc portion and serving to rigidly mount the outer disc portion upon the bolt, the outer disc portion bearing against the inner disc portion, and a split nut formed integral with the outer annular adapter and mounted upon the outer end of each bolt, the reduced ends of the tapered adapters being spaced.

2. A dual wheel assembly comprising a hub having 2. spoke flange provided with a radially flat outer face and having circumferentially spaced openings extending axially of the dance, a wheel brake drum having a web arranged upon the inner side of the flange and provided with circumferentialiy spaced openings extending axially of the hub, bolts extending through the openings in the flange and web and corresponding in number to the openings for securing the web to the flange, said bolts extending outwardly beyond the flange, inner and outer disc wheels to be secured to the hub and including disc portions having main openings for receiving a portion of the hub and larger than suchhub portion so that the disc portions are free from the thermal contact with the hub at the main openings, the inner disc portion having circumferentially spaced openings tapered outwardly throughout their entire lengths and passing through the opposite faces of such inner disc portion and the outer disc portion having circurnierentially spaced openings tapered outwardly throughout their entire lengths and passing through the opposite faces of such outer disc portion, the tapered openings extending axially of the hub and being in axial alignment with each other and the openings in the flange and corresponding in number to the flange opcnings and receiving the bolts which extend out- Wardly beyond the outer disc portion, an annular adapter mounted upon each bolt, said adapter being tapered outwardly throughout its entire length to fit within each tapered opening of the inner disc portion and rigidly mounting the inner disc portion upon the bolt and being of a length to engage with the major portion of the wall of such tapered opening of the inner disc portion and to extend inwardly beyond the inner disc portion for a substantial distance and having a radially fiat inner face to contact with the outer fiat face of the flange and retain the inner disc portion spaced from and out of thermal contact with the flange, a second annular split adapter mounted upon each bolt adjacent to the outer disc portion and tapered inwardly throughout its entire length to fit within each tapered opening opening of the outer disc portion and to extend beyond the outer face of the outer disc portion,

the last-named adapter serving to rigidly mount the outer disc portion upon the bolt, the inner ends of the tapered adapters being permanently spaced, and a nut separate from the outer adapter and engaging therewith and mounted upon the outer end of each bolt.

BUEL H. CANADY. CLIFFORD J. WILEY.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,635,895 Michelin July 12, 1927 1,850,397 Hunt Mar. 22, 1932 1,994,375 Magenhorst Mar. 12, 1935 2,336,767 Ash Dec. 14, 1943 2,522,707 Ash Dec. 12, 1950 2,545,130 Ash Mar. 13, 1951 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date Great Britain May 15, 1924 

